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An underground mine consists of a series of vertical shafts and horizontal tunnels in and around the pipe. The shafts are drilled in the stable rock near the pipe to provide access for personnel, equipment, supplies, and ventilation. Then, horizontal tunnels called drifts are drilled from the shafts through the pipe to extract the kimberlite or lamproite.

Photo: Peter Johnston. Courtesy: GIA. Resource: Amanda. #eClarity